Solvent
Definition and meaning of Solvent in chemistry.
A solvent is a substance that actively dissolves a solute, resulting in the formation of a completely homogeneous solution.
In more detail
The solvent is normally the component of a solution that is present in the greatest numerical amount. It fundamentally determines the final physical state of the solution, which is most often a liquid but can occasionally be a solid or gas. Solvents are broadly classified into polar and nonpolar categories, with polar solvents dissolving polar solutes and ionic compounds, and nonpolar solvents effectively dissolving nonpolar solutes. Water is widely referred to as the universal solvent due to its unique chemical ability to dissolve a vast number of different substances.
Key facts
| Field | General Chemistry |
|---|---|
| Universal Solvent | H2O |
| Rule of Thumb | Like dissolves like |
| State of Matter | Usually liquid |
In a standard cup of instant coffee, the hot liquid water (H2O) acts as the solvent that dissolves the solid coffee granules.
Frequently asked questions
What does the phrase 'like dissolves like' mean in chemistry?
It refers to the general chemical rule that polar solvents tend to dissolve polar solutes, while nonpolar solvents tend to dissolve nonpolar solutes.