Polymerization
Definition and meaning of Polymerization in chemistry.
Polymerization is a chemical reaction in which small, repeating molecular units called monomers bind together to form a large chain-like molecule known as a polymer.
In more detail
This process can occur through various chemical mechanisms, such as addition reactions or condensation reactions, depending heavily on the functional groups present in the starting monomers. The physical and chemical properties of the resulting polymers are entirely different from those of the original small molecules. Polymerization is a fundamental process in both synthetic chemistry, where it is used to manufacture everyday plastics, resins, and rubbers, and in biochemistry, where it drives the natural synthesis of essential macromolecules like proteins and DNA.
Key facts
| Field | Organic Chemistry |
|---|---|
| Mechanism Types | Addition, Condensation |
| Common Catalyst | Ziegler-Natta catalyst |
| Natural Example | Amino acids polymerizing to proteins |
The polymerization of ethylene monomers at high temperatures and pressures produces polyethylene, a common durable plastic utilized in packaging and containers.
Frequently asked questions
What is the difference between addition and condensation polymerization?
Addition polymerization involves monomers joining without losing any atoms, while condensation polymerization releases a small molecule like H2O during the reaction.