Clear, accurate chemistry definitions 1,227 terms 6 topics 118-element periodic table
General Chemistry

Chemistry

Definition and meaning of Chemistry in chemistry.

Chemistry is the scientific study of matter, its composition, structure, properties, and the transformations it undergoes during chemical reactions.

In more detail

Chemistry examines matter at the level of atoms, ions, and molecules, explaining how their structure and bonding determine physical and chemical behavior. It bridges physics (governing atomic and molecular interactions) and biology (governing the reactions of life), which is why it is often called "the central science." Chemists use experimentation, quantitative measurement, and theoretical models to predict and control how substances form, change, and interact, underpinning fields from medicine and materials science to environmental science and energy production.

Key facts

FieldGeneral Chemistry
Main branchesOrganic, Inorganic, Physical, Analytical, Biochemistry
Core unit of studyAtoms and molecules
Common nicknameThe central science
Example

Combining sodium metal (Na) with chlorine gas (Cl2) produces sodium chloride (NaCl, table salt), a chemical reaction in which electrons transfer between atoms to form new ionic bonds, converting two hazardous elements into a stable, edible compound.

Frequently asked questions

What are the main branches of chemistry?

The traditional branches are organic chemistry (carbon compounds), inorganic chemistry (non-carbon-based compounds and elements), physical chemistry (energy and mechanisms of reactions), analytical chemistry (identifying and quantifying substances), and biochemistry (chemical processes in living organisms).

Why is chemistry called the "central science"?

Because it connects and underlies the physical sciences (like physics) with the life sciences (like biology), providing the molecular-level explanations needed to understand fields ranging from astronomy to medicine.

Related terms