Subshell
Definition and meaning of Subshell in chemistry.
A subshell is a subdivision of an electron shell within an atom, characterized by a specific shape and a given value of the azimuthal quantum number. Subshells are designated by the letters s, p, d, and f, and they contain the atomic orbitals where electrons reside.
In more detail
While the principal quantum number defines the overall electron shell and energy level, the azimuthal quantum number defines the subshell. Each subshell has a unique spatial distribution; for instance, s subshells are spherical, whereas p subshells are dumbbell shaped. The number of orbitals within a subshell increases with the value of the azimuthal quantum number, allowing s, p, d, and f subshells to hold a maximum of 2, 6, 10, and 14 electrons, respectively.
Key facts
| Field | General Chemistry |
|---|---|
| Subshell Types | s, p, d, and f |
| Quantum Number | Determined by the azimuthal quantum number |
| Electron Capacity | Calculated as 4l + 2 |
The 2p subshell is found in the second electron shell and contains three distinct dumbbell shaped orbitals that can hold up to six electrons total.
Frequently asked questions
What is the order of subshell filling?
Subshells generally fill in order of increasing energy according to the Aufbau principle, typically starting with 1s, then 2s, 2p, 3s, 3p, 4s, and 3d.