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Analytical Chemistry

Absolute Error

Definition and meaning of Absolute Error in chemistry.

Absolute error is the difference between a measured value and the true or accepted value of a quantity. It is reported in the same units as the measurement and shows how far a result lies from the correct value.

In more detail

Absolute error is calculated as the measured value minus the true value, and its size indicates the accuracy of a measurement. Because it keeps the original units, it does not by itself show whether an error is large relative to the quantity measured, that is the job of relative error, which expresses the same difference as a fraction or percentage.

Key facts

DefinitionMeasured value − true value
UnitsSame as the measurement
IndicatesAccuracy
FieldAnalytical chemistry
Example

If a balance reads 9.8 g for an object whose true mass is 10.0 g, the absolute error is −0.2 g.

Frequently asked questions

What is the difference between absolute and relative error?

Absolute error is the plain difference between measured and true values, in the original units. Relative error expresses that difference as a fraction or percentage of the true value.

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